// C code showing four ways to change two different array types ... int[] and char[]:
//    Reference Return way
//    Pointer Return way
//    Pointer to Pointer way
//    Pointer Return malloc way

#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int& smallestElementRef(int arr[], int arrSize);
int* smallestElementPtr(int arr[], int arrSize);
void smallestElementFix(int** arr, int arrSize, int putTo);
int* smallestElementMallocPtr(int arr[], int arrSize, int putTo);

char& csmallestElementRef(char arr[], int arrSize);
char* csmallestElementPtr(int arr[], int arrSize);
void  csmallestElementFix(char** arr, int arrSize, int putTo);
char* csmallestElementMallocPtr(char arr[], int arrSize, int putTo);


int& smallestElementRef(int arr[], int arrSize) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    return (int&)arr[ret];
}


int* smallestElementPtr(int arr[], int arrSize) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    return &arr[ret];
}

void smallestElementFix(int **arr, int arrSize, int putTo) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (((*arr)+ret*sizeof(int)) > ((*arr)+i*sizeof(int))) ret = i;
        }
    }
    *((*arr)+ret*sizeof(int)) = putTo;
}

int* smallestElementMallocPtr(int arr[], int arrSize, int putTo) {
    int ret = 0;
    int *arrout = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * arrSize);
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            arrout[i] = arr[i];
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    arrout[ret] = putTo;
    return arrout;
}

char& csmallestElementRef(char arr[], int arrSize) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    return (char&)arr[ret];
}

char* csmallestElementPtr(char arr[], int arrSize) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    return &arr[ret];
}


void csmallestElementFix(char **arr, int arrSize, int putTo) {
    int ret = 0;
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            if (((*arr)+ret*sizeof(char)) > ((*arr)+i*sizeof(char))) ret = i;
        }
    }
    *((*arr)+ret*sizeof(char)) = putTo;
}

char* csmallestElementMallocPtr(char* arr, int arrSize, int putTo) {
    int ret = 0;
    char *arrout = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (arrSize+1));
    if (arrSize > 0) {
        for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++) {
            arrout[i+1] = 0;
            arrout[i] = arr[i];
            if (arr[ret] > arr[i]) ret = i;
        }
    }
    arrout[ret] = putTo;
    return arrout;
}

int main (void) {
    int scores[7] = { 67, 87, 74, 86, 78, 77, 68 };
    char cscores[8];
    int* pscores = &scores[0];
    char* pcscores = &cscores[0];
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cscores[i+1] = 0;
        cscores[i] = scores[i];
    }
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cout << scores[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl << cscores << " Initial values" << endl << endl;
    
    // Reference Return way
    
    smallestElementRef(scores, 7) = 89;
    smallestElementRef(scores, 7) = 65;
    csmallestElementRef(cscores, 7) = 89;
    csmallestElementRef(cscores, 7) = 65;
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cout << scores[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl << cscores << " Reference Return way" << endl;
    cout << endl;
    
    // Pointer Return way
    
    *smallestElementPtr(scores, 7) = 73;
    *smallestElementPtr(scores, 7) = 69;
    *csmallestElementPtr(cscores, 7) = 73;
    *csmallestElementPtr(cscores, 7) = 69;
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cout << scores[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl << cscores << " Pointer Return way" << endl;
    cout << endl;
    
    // Pointer to Pointer way
    
    smallestElementFix(&pscores, 7, 88);
    smallestElementFix(&pscores, 7, 84);
    csmallestElementFix(&pcscores, 7, 88);
    csmallestElementFix(&pcscores, 7, 84);
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cout << scores[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl << cscores << " Pointer to Pointer way" << endl;
    cout << endl;
    
    // Pointer Return malloc way
    
    memcpy(scores, smallestElementMallocPtr(scores, 7, 89), sizeof(scores));
    memcpy(scores, smallestElementMallocPtr(scores, 7, 85), sizeof(scores));
    memcpy(cscores, csmallestElementMallocPtr(cscores, 7, 89), sizeof(cscores));
    memcpy(cscores, csmallestElementMallocPtr(cscores, 7, 85), sizeof(cscores));
    for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cout << scores[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl << cscores << " Pointer Return malloc way" << endl;
    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}